Traditional Moroccan clothing is more than just attire—it's a vivid expression of the country’s identity, history, and artistry. Rooted in centuries of Berber, Arab, Andalusian, and African influences, Moroccan garments reflect the diversity and richness of the nation’s heritage. Whether worn daily in rural areas or reserved for weddings and festivals in the cities, these clothes carry deep symbolism, family pride, and regional character.
What makes Moroccan clothing unique is its elegance and timelessness. These garments are often hand-embroidered, made from fine fabrics, and carefully styled to balance modesty with beauty. They also serve social and ceremonial functions—certain styles are worn by brides, others by religious scholars, and some are specific to men or women, regions, or seasons. Below are ten of the most iconic traditional Moroccan garments that continue to captivate both locals and visitors.
1. Djellaba (Jellaba)
The djellaba is perhaps the most recognizable Moroccan garment. It is a long, loose-fitting robe with full sleeves and a pointed hood, known as a "qob." Traditionally worn by both men and women, it is made of wool in winter and lighter cotton or linen in summer. The djellaba is functional, providing protection from sun, wind, and cold, while still maintaining a dignified and elegant appearance.
Colors and details can vary by gender and occasion. Men often wear neutral tones like brown or grey, while women’s djellabas come in brighter colors and may be decorated with embroidery or sequins. Today, the djellaba is worn for daily use in rural areas and during religious holidays or special occasions in the cities.
2. Caftan (Kaftan)
The Moroccan caftan is a symbol of femininity, beauty, and sophistication. Traditionally worn by women, especially during weddings and festive events, the caftan is a long gown with wide sleeves and often features exquisite embroidery, beading, and luxurious fabrics such as silk, velvet, or brocade. It is typically tailored to fit the body and may include a belt called "mdamma" to accentuate the waist.
Each region of Morocco has its own caftan style and patterns, and fashion designers have elevated it to haute couture in recent years. Caftans are passed down through generations, and wearing one is a source of pride and cultural identity. Modern Moroccan women often wear them for engagement parties, religious festivals, and family celebrations.
3. Takchita
Often confused with the caftan, the takchita is actually a two-piece garment traditionally worn by Moroccan brides and women attending important events. It consists of an inner caftan and an outer, more decorative piece, both usually tied at the waist with an ornate belt. The outer layer is often sheer or richly adorned with sequins, embroidery, and stones.
The takchita has become a fashion centerpiece in Moroccan weddings. Brides may wear multiple takchitas in different colors during their wedding ceremony. The layering, textures, and elegance of this garment make it a luxurious choice, blending traditional values with fashion-forward design.
4. Gandoura
The gandoura is a sleeveless or short-sleeved robe worn primarily by men, especially in warmer regions of Morocco. Unlike the djellaba, it lacks a hood and is often lighter and simpler. It is typically made from breathable cotton or linen and worn during summer or inside the home.
Gandouras come in many forms—some plain for casual wear, and others featuring embroidery or patterns for more formal occasions. They are especially popular during Friday prayers, family gatherings, or during the month of Ramadan. It’s a comfortable yet culturally meaningful outfit that reflects Moroccan hospitality and simplicity.
5. Burnous (Al-Bornos)
The burnous is a long, hooded cloak made of wool, typically white, beige, or brown. It is a traditional garment worn mainly by men, especially in the Atlas Mountains and rural areas. The burnous is designed to protect from the cold and is often worn over the djellaba or gandoura.
This garment holds cultural significance, symbolizing wisdom, dignity, and respect. It is often associated with elders, scholars, and religious figures. Even today, the burnous is worn during official ceremonies or in cold, mountainous regions of the country where tradition remains strong.
6. Abaya Maghribiya (Moroccan Abaya)
Although originally a Middle Eastern garment, the Moroccan version of the abaya has developed its own unique identity. It is a long, flowing robe worn by women, often with decorative embroidery around the neckline, sleeves, and hem. Unlike the Gulf abaya, which is typically black, Moroccan abayas come in a variety of colors and styles.
They are worn during religious events, Friday prayers, or as elegant loungewear at home. The Moroccan abaya combines modesty with grace and continues to evolve as part of modern fashion trends while remaining faithful to its traditional roots.
7. Serwal (Traditional Trousers)
Serwal refers to traditional Moroccan trousers, typically wide and pleated around the hips and narrow at the ankles. These trousers are usually worn under a caftan or gandoura, both by men and women. They are especially comfortable and suitable for sitting on the floor, which is common in Moroccan homes.
There are several variations, including "serwal mdawer" (curved cut) and "serwal qandrissi" (Andalusian style). Though rarely worn as standalone garments today, serwals are still used in traditional ceremonies, particularly when dressing in full traditional attire.
8. Tarbouche (Fez Hat)
The tarbouche, also known internationally as the fez hat, is a round, flat-topped hat traditionally made of red felt with a black tassel. Though it is now more symbolic than functional, it was once a staple of men’s formal attire in Morocco and other parts of the Arab world.
Wearing a tarbouche signified respectability and social standing. Today, it is mostly worn during national celebrations, cultural performances, or by members of traditional music groups. Despite its decline in everyday use, the tarbouche remains an iconic symbol of Moroccan identity.
9. Hayek
The hayek is a large white or cream-colored piece of cloth that women used to wrap around their bodies when going outside. Covering the entire body except the face or one eye, it was a symbol of modesty and was especially popular in pre-colonial and early modern Morocco.
Although it has nearly disappeared from urban areas, the hayek is still remembered with affection and pride by older generations. It occasionally reappears in cultural festivals and reenactments, serving as a reminder of traditional Moroccan womanhood and elegance.
10. Abaraz and Amazigh Attire
Among Amazigh (Berber) communities, traditional clothing varies greatly by region but often includes beautifully embroidered dresses, woven capes, and silver jewelry. The "abaraz" is one such garment, consisting of a brightly colored, handwoven dress or tunic, often secured with fibula brooches.
Amazigh women’s clothing reflects a deep connection to nature and heritage. Each pattern and color has meaning, telling stories of family, region, or tribe. These garments are not only beautiful but are acts of preservation, keeping indigenous Moroccan identity alive in every stitch.
Traditional Moroccan clothing is a testament to the country’s rich history and cultural complexity. Though some garments are becoming less common in daily life, they continue to inspire fashion, connect generations, and celebrate a living heritage that deserves to be remembered and revived.